Singh, G., Imai, J., Clemons, K. V., Stevens, D. A. View details for DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2006.03011.x, View details for Web of Science ID 000235370200010. The sequence of rRNA genes has been utilized for the identification of a variety of fungi to the species level. View details for DOI 10.1128/AAC.48.3.1047-1050.2004, View details for Web of Science ID 000189351700054. stone slab (or stela) that furnished the first historical evidence of King David from the Bible.. View details for Web of Science ID A1997XT59500011. MBL-sufficient C57BL/6 (WT) mice and B6.129S4--Mb11(tm1Kata) Mb12(tm1Kata)/J MBL A and C gene-knockout (KO) mice were infected intravenously with different inocula of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia. At 0.01 and 0.05 microg ml(-1) of VCZ, G-CSF or GM-CSF enhanced PMN killing to 92% and 93% or 87% and 94%, respectively. Resistance of MBL gene-knockout mice to experimental systemic aspergillosis. Voriconazole (VCZ) was tested for antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus hyphae alone or in combination with neutrophils or monocytes. The availability of genetically defined strains of mice, immunological reagents, cost and ease of handling are factors. We compared the efficacies of liposomal amphotericin B (LAmB) and an amphotericin B lipid complex (ABLC) in diabetic ketoacidotic (DKA) or neutropenic mice with disseminated zygomycosis. View details for DOI 10.3109/13693780903008821, View details for Web of Science ID 000274879300003. AmBi or ABLC at higher dosages, or loading-doses of AmBi resulted in reduced survival. Berry, C. D., Stevens, D. A., Hassid, E. I., Pappagianis, D., Happs, E. L., Sahrakar, K. Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a vaccine against coccidioidomycosis. Dose-finding studies in CD-1 mice showed that infection with 5 x 106 conidia/mouse consistently caused 100% mortality by day 5-8; no mice died before day 3. The exception was sites associated with or downstream of bicarbonate influx, 12/54 of which were positive. > present (Patron of Twycross Zoo), 2018 > present (member of the BHF Council), 1988 > 1988 (winner: of the BBC1 Blue Peter Young Artists competition), University of Wales College of Medicine, University of Bristol, University of Wales College of Cardiff, NHS Severn School of Surgery, University of Birmingham, Royal Holloway, University of London, University of Bournemouth, Open University, University of Sussex, Westbury C-of-E Primary School, Redmaids' High School, Blue Peter Young Artists, 1> agency : Jo Sarsby Management, 2> url : www.josarsby.com/, 3> profile : http://www.josarsby.com/aliceroberts/, 4> agency : LBA Literary Agents - LBA Books, 5> url : www.lbabooks.com/, 6> profile : http://www.lbabooks.com/author/alice-roberts/, 7> AGENT: LUIGI BONOMI, www.alice-roberts.co.uk/, http://alice-roberts.co.uk, en-gb.facebook.com/ancientmodernist/, www.instagram.com/ancientmodernist/?hl=en, www.instagram.com/ancientmodernist/tagged/?hl=en, twitter.com/theAliceRoberts, https://www.alice-roberts.co.uk/ https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2836657#P856, David Stevens, Adam Rutherford, Andrew Copson, Brian Cox, David Attenborough, Dick Strawbridge, Jim Al-Khalili, Neil Oliver, Professor Mick Aston, Richard Dawkins, Roger Deakin, Strictly Come Dancing, BBC 6 Music, Blue Peter, Roger Deakins Waterlog, The Winchester Bible, Somerset, England, Royal Institution, London, the Co-operative Bank, The Coast, VW campervan (vehicle), Pink And Purple Hair Dye, (self-Designed) Dinosaur Cards. View details for DOI 10.1164/rccm.2008-740ST, View details for Web of Science ID 000286155600016. Composite success was identical for each regimen (11/15 patients, 73 %). SCID and immunocompetent BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice were infected with BAKER, G., FALK-WHYNES, J. and SIDOROVITCH, A., eds., Teaching for Integrative Learning: Innovations in University Practice. View details for DOI 10.1016/j.cyto.2005.07.004, View details for Web of Science ID 000232712100003. Systemically administered itraconazole, like other Hh pathway antagonists, can suppress Hh pathway activity and the growth of medulloblastoma in a mouse allograft model and does so at serum levels comparable to those in patients undergoing antifungal therapy. Moreover, vaccinating the immunocompromised, susceptible to an opportunistic disease such as invasive aspergillosis, seems formidable. 3M-003, like related imidazoquinoline immunomodulators, interacts with Toll-like receptor-7 (TLR-7) and TLR-8. View details for PubMedID 17071553, View details for DOI 10.1080/13693780600810040, View details for Web of Science ID 000242552000003. Kline, Y., Clemons, K. V., Woods, L., Stevens, D. A., Tell, L. A. In 2003 I co-led aprojectto put current meter moorings in Shag Rocks Passage and undertake a hydrographic survey of the North Scotia Ridge. A variety of other animal species including dogs, primates, and guinea pigs have been used to study host response and vaccine efficacy. Current treatments provide limited benefit. The combination of MICA and ICZ appeared to be potentially antagonistic. This apparently new form of invasive disease is initially limited to the anastomosis site and large airways. This is an eminently readable book which is full of sound practical advice. It should now be possible, by this simple PCR-based technique, to accurately identify these strains to the species level, thereby allowing an increase in our understanding of the characteristics required by these interspecific hybrids for their particular ecological niches. Clinical aspergillosis for basic scientists, Conventional or molecular measurement of Aspergillus load, Molecular epidemiology of global Candida dubliniensis isolates utilizing genomic-wide, co-dominant, PCR-based markers for strain delineation. These models have been used to determine efficacy of experimental therapeutics, comparative virulence of different isolates of Aspergillus, genes involved in virulence, and susceptibility to infection with Aspergillus. Oxford University Press and Hurst Publishers. > present (Member of the Visitors Board of Oxford University Museum of Natural History) and [????] Was King David a real person? These various manifestations of the diseases, diagnosis and treatment are organized for basic scientists, so that they may better understand the dimensions and nature of the clinical challenges. Both recombinant human and recombinant murine GM-CSF were equivalent in this activity, even though the human reagent reportedly does not stimulate differentiation of murine stem cells. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) antagonizes DEX suppression of antifungal activity by BAM. Infection with Trichosporon beigelii is an uncommon cause of endocarditis. Overall, there remains no optimal, single method for determination of fungal load of Aspergillus and it may be that a combination of methods (e.g., CFU and qPCR) should be used. Drug delivery issues were addressed during this course that could guide future use of this modality, which is a promising novel avenue of therapy for chronic meningitis. Cells were unstimulated or stimulated with conidia and simultaneously treated with DEX, GM-CSF, or DEX plus GM-CSF, for 2-4 hours. TLRs are important in the defense against fungal pathogens. View details for Web of Science ID 000183126500015. WT and KO mice were dose-responsively susceptible. Hyphae produced in the presence of micafungin (0.01 microg/ml) and incubated again with micafungin for 24 h inhibited growth by 47%; combination with monocytes resulted in 62% inhibition. Detection of glucan in blood has been achieved using crab amoebocyte lysate. Y-related genes, -1,3-glucan synthase, mannosyltransferase and Y20, demonstrated low or delayed expression in E(2)-treated cultures. None of the heart transplant recipients with either IPA or invasive extrapulmonary aspergillosis (IEPA) had associated neutropenia. This article examines the prevalence, pathogenesis and host defense, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of coccidioidomycosis. Also known as: Kimberly David Stevens, David Kstevens Or, Kimberly Stevens. Studies of comparative virulence, host response, and pathogenesis are also possible using this model. Both granulocyte colony-stimulating factor- and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-treated polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) had enhanced inhibition of hyphal growth. A rabbit model of meningeal disease, established by intracisternal infection, has proven to model human meningitis well. Treatment of B. dermatitidis with anti-1,3-beta-glucan antibody inhibited TNF-alpha production by PM. Clearance of fungal burden from the livers and spleens of mice showed RCZ and ITZ at doses of 50 mg/kg to be efficacious but not curative. Stevens, D. A., Kim, K. K., Johnson, N., Lee, J., Hamilton, J. R. Experimental Evidence That Granulocyte Transfusions Are Efficacious in Treatment of Neutropenic Hosts with Pulmonary Aspergillosis. Monte Carlo simulations were performed. Extensive cross-resistance was observed for fluconazole, clotrimazole, itraconazole, and ketoconazole. Since the majority of aspergillomas do not cause life-threatening hemoptysis, the morbidity and cost of treatment must be weighed against the clinical benefit. Multiple asthmatic exacerbations in a patient with ABPA suggest that chronic corticosteroid therapy should be used (BIII). 45. > present (Member of the Advisory Board of the Cheltenham Festival of Science) and [????] Reviews aren't verified, but Google checks for and removes fake content when it's identified. Pretreatment of organisms with progesterone augments the rate of metabolism and enhances escape. Mechanisms that have been identified include alterations in the gene encoding the target enzyme ERG11 or overexpression of efflux pump genes including CDR1, CDR2, and MDR1. Furthermore, VCZ would have enhanced efficacy in clinical settings where either G-CSF or GM-CSF was being used. No monotherapy regimen was superior to another. Alice Roberts and David Stevens have been married for 22 years. These types of infection may occur in laboratories outside the endemic areas, because the etiologic agent is unexpected in the submitted specimens and because personnel may be unfamiliar with the hazards of dealing with Coccidioides species in the laboratory. Previously we reported that in vitro granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) blocks the immunosuppressive action of DEX on bronchoalveolar macrophages (BAMs). Cell-mediated immunity (CMI) has been shown, over many decades of clinical observation and bench research, to be central to the outcome of invasive fungal infections. View details for DOI 10.1128/IAI.00243-06, View details for Web of Science ID 000239381400018, View details for Web of Science ID 000238628300021. Imai, J., Singh, G., Fernandez, B., Clemons, K. V., Stevens, D. A. Proceedings of the Society of California Archaeology 23:175-180. White, T. C., Holleman, S., Dy, F., Mirels, L. F., Stevens, D. A. fos-1, a putative histidine kinase as a virulence factor for systemic aspergillosis. AmBi and ABLC showed dose responsiveness, with 10-mg/kg doses causing a significant reduction in fungal burden; they had equivalent activities at the 10-mg/kg dose. Here we present the 3.7-Mb draft genome sequence of the type strain (S18214(T)) of H. stevensii, which will give insight into the pathogenic potential of H. stevensii. View details for Web of Science ID 000177080400004. Virulence of isolates was associated with membership in group A (P = 0.03). Preassigned birds were euthanized on days 5 or 10 PI. View details for Web of Science ID 000071515100041. Guinea pig models have primarily been used in therapy studies of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA). Proof of a person's disability or proof of the service animal's health or training cannot be required. In two studies, all formulations prolonged survival, with the results for AmBisome nearly equivalent to those for Fungizone; Amphocil and Abelcet were less effective or equivalent depending on the severity of infection. Increasing serum IgE levels, new or worsening infiltrate on chest radiograph and worsening spirometry suggest that steroids should be used. Within 5 days, yeast disseminate from the gastrointestinal tract, to establish sites of infection in the kidneys and liver. Scatchard analysis of [3H]progesterone binding in both the + and - mating types of Arthroderma benhamiae and in Microsporum canis revealed a single class of binding sites with approximately the same affinity as that in T. mentagrophytes (Kd, 1 X 10(-7) to 2 X 10(-7) M). However, communication between compartments and streaming of nuclei makes defining a cell of a hyphal organism difficult and the best method for quantification of the hyphal organism remains controversial. The persistence of Cryptococcus observed in the CNS may result from an ineffective immune response, perhaps owing to an insufficient anticryptococcal effector function of endogenous glial cells resulting from competing pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Controls showed progressive disease, whereas animals treated with either dose of either drug showed few clinical signs of infection. David Stevens. View details for Web of Science ID 000230724800021. The objectives of this study were to: (i) see if granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) could protect bronchoalveolar macrophages (BAM) against suppression by dexamethasone (DEX) and (ii) test the combined effect of GM-CSF and DEX on lymphocyte responses. Human leukocyte antigen A1 locus was found significantly more frequently among patients colonized with Aspergillus than among patients with IPA (P CD-1 mice received HKY subcutaneously or by oral gavage with or without adjuvants once weekly beginning 3 or 4 weeks prior to infection; oral live Saccharomyces was also studied. At six weeks, just 55% of women are breastfeeding. Liu, M., Clemons, K. V., Johansen, M. E., Martinez, M., Chen, V., Stevens, D. A. Success was a complete or partial response; nonsuccess was stable disease, lack of response to therapy, or undetermined response.The sites of coccidioidal infection were pulmonary (seven patients) and disseminated (eight patients). One week after the cessation of therapy, all survivors were euthanatized, the numbers of CFU remaining in the spinal cord and brain were determined, and histological analyses were performed. Cytokine production by HKY-stimulated cells from PBS-vaccinated mice was lower than those from HKY-vaccinated (P<0.05). In contrast, four of seven controls showed mild to severe meningitis, with arteritis detected in three animals. Her work has a clear pedagogy of embedded research and practice with postgraduate teacher training . View details for Web of Science ID A1997XE59100036, View details for PubMedCentralID PMC229850, The field of antifungal chemotherapy is presently rapidly moving. Social justice. Southern analysis and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis were used to determine that this loss of heterogeneity was due to replacement of one of the MTL loci with a duplicate of the other locus resulting in two homozygous copies of the MTL locus. In experimental pulmonary blastomycosis, susceptibility varied in mouse strains. Comparison of itraconazole and fluconazole treatments in a murine model of coccidioidal meningitis. The latter includes PCR identification of fungal DNA from body fluid samples using conserved or specific genome sequences. The quantification of organisms is a standard tool. View details for DOI 10.1111/j.1439-0507.2008.01649.x, View details for Web of Science ID 000270589000004. In 1993, archaeologist Avraham Biran and his team discovered a stone fragment at Tel Dan, northern Israel, bearing an inscription that refers to the "House of David." The inscription, in an ancient Semitic script, dates to the ninth century B.C.E. View details for Web of Science ID 000175665800009. They decided to take the risk of hiring a pregnant presenter who would start filming, bringing a tiny baby with her. The findings of the present study suggest that some S. cerevisiae strains may possess properties permitting persistence in the human host. These data suggest that it may be possible to suppress lymphocyte responses with DEX, yet at the same time maintain BAM defenses with GM-CSF against pulmonary infections by conidia of A. fumigatus. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy revealed an endobronchial mass obstructing the left mainstem bronchus. From 1998 until 2005, Stevens worked as a Senior Vice President of Single Family Lending at Freddie Mac, where his responsibilities included product development, credit risk and contract negotiations for all single family businesses. However, qPCR and EIA do not indicate viability, may result in false negatives. We compared susceptibility to Candida vaginitis in derived murine substrains differing in sensitivity to estrogen (CD-1 and CD10, resistant; CD3 and C57BL/6 responsive), and in F1 crosses. And finally what do you see when you look in the mirror? View details for Web of Science ID A1995QC60300016, View details for PubMedCentralID PMC173020. The natural history of patients affected is variable. Click the button below to download Dr David Stevenss resume as a PDF. I teach within the fields of ethics and contemporary political theory/philosophy. Stevens was a significant contributor to the archaeological field and is noted for being the first curator of Reading Museum. Patients were refractory to previous therapy (including amphotericin B with or without an azole) for a median duration of 306 days. We presently studied acid-stable cell-wall mannan (-1, 6-linked backbone highly branched with -1, 2; -1, 3; and -1, 2-linked manno-oligomers) derived from C. albicans, with or without conjugation to bovine serum albumin (BSA), as a vaccine against systemic aspergillosis. David Stevens has over 35 years of experience in the mortgage banking industry. Population Pharmacokinetics of Conventional and Intermittent Dosing of Liposomal Amphotericin B in Adults: a First Critical Step for Rational Design of Innovative Regimens. Experimental vaccines in mouse models have demonstrated a promising avenue of approach for the prevention of aspergillosis, as well as infections caused by other fungal pathogens, such as Coccidioides, the etiological agent of valley fever (coccidioidomycosis). Comparison of the genotypes obtained by microsatellite analysis and those obtained by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis, restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, and internal transcribed sequence grouping was performed and showed that the microsatellite method could distinguish individual isolates; none of the other methods could do that. (Medical school lecturer of Anatomy) and [????] There was no significant advantage of one drug over the other for this indication. Many different types of animal models of fungal infection have been developed, with murine models the most frequently used, for studies of pathogenesis, virulence, immunology, diagnosis, and therapy. Brown, E. M., McTaggart, L. R., Zhang, S. X., Low, D. E., Stevens, D. A., Richardson, S. E. Vaccination with mannan protects mice against systemic aspergillosis. Steinbach, W. J., Stevens, D. A., Denning, D. W. Invasive aspergillosis in the setting of cardiac transplantation. Born in . Studies using authentic 15 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, 1-dehydroprogesterone, and 11 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone reveal that these derivatives are significantly less inhibitory to the growth of T. mentagrophytes than progesterone. Liu, M., Clemons, K. V., Bigos, M., Medovarska, I., Brummer, E., Stevens, D. A. Aspergillus Vertebral Osteomyelitis in Immunocompetent Hosts: Role of Triazole Antifungal Therapy, Aspergillosis in the 'Nonimmunocompromised' Host, An Official American Thoracic Society Statement: Treatment of Fungal Infections in Adult Pulmonary and Critical Care Patients. Hemoptysis is a dangerous sequela. Quantitative histological analyses demonstrated that only normal male and castrated reconstituted mice developed granulomas, which decreased in number and size with time correlating with increasing numbers of CFU in the lungs. Tel . It causes multifaceted pathology in immuno-compromised and normal hosts, notably low birth weight neonates. While it's been a decade since the excavations, Anna Stevens, an archaeologist at Monash University who is assistant director of the Amarna Project and co-director of ongoing research at the. Therapy dogs and the visitation animals are more restricted than service dogs. Five infected and 3 sham-injected rabbits at each time point were euthanized 4, 9, 14 and 20 days post infection. Segal, B. H., Herbrecht, R., Stevens, D. A., Ostrosky-Zeichner, L., Sobel, J., Viscoli, C., Walsh, T. J., Maertens, J., Patterson, T. F., Perfect, J. R., Dupont, B., Wingard, J. R., Calandra, T., Kauffman, C. A., Graybill, J. R., Baden, L. R., Pappas, P. G., Bennett, J. E., Kontoyiannis, D. P., Cordonnier, C., Viviani, M. A., Bille, J., Almyroudis, N. G., Wheat, L. J., Graninger, W., Bow, E. J., Holland, S. M., Kullberg, B., Dismukes, W. E., de Pauw, B. E. A possible mechanism for synergy between antifungal therapy and immune defenses, Revised definitions of invasive fungal disease from the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Invasive Fungal Infections Cooperative Group and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group (EORTC/MSG) Consensus Group. Of the 19 proposed Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto isolates [group I by internally transcribed spacer (ITS1) sequence], the most commonly encountered species, 17 were RFLP type VII-1. D-optimal design was used to identify maximally informative sampling times for both conventional and intermittent regimens for future studies. The current studies examined the efficacies of several antifungal agents alone or in combination with a murine model of CNS aspergillosis. Cryptococcosis as a complication of the immunocompromised host has dramatically increased in frequency since the start of the AIDS epidemic. Each remained at these levels thereafter. Therapy should be prolonged beyond resolution of disease and reversible underlying predispositions (BIII). High dose IL-12 (1 microg, subcutaneously) treatment of BALB/c infected intranasally with Blastomyces resulted in enhanced survival (P<0.008). Typing by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) revealed all blood isolates were RFLP subtype VII-1. Clemons, K. V., Capilla, J., Stevens, D. A. Azole therapy of clinical and experimental coccidioidomycosis, Experimental systemic infection with Cryptococcus neoformas var. These data detail the immune response in the brain and could be important for the future design of specific immunomodulatory therapies for this important opportunistic infection. Most of these clinical isolates are able to grow at 42 degrees, a temperature that completely inhibits the growth of most other S. cerevisiae strains. Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (APBA). Results showed that the protection induced by mannan is dose-dependent; 12 mg unconjugated mannan alone or > 0.3 mg mannan-BSA consistently enhanced survival (P < 0.05). The lesion resembled a bronchial adenoma; however, cytologic and histologic examination revealed invasive mucormycosis. Research Group, California Institute for Medical Research, San Jose; Div. Collectins, collagenous carbohydrate-binding proteins (C-type lectins), are recognized as important factors in non-specific innate immune responses to pathogens. Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis remains problematic in immunocompromised patient populations. These data indicate that micafungin inhibits growth of tissue forms of A. fumigatus, and phagocytes and micafungin together have an additive effect. of Sherbrooke, Quebec; MD Anderson Cancer Ctr., Houston; Univ. Less extreme but still significant differences in pseudohyphal formation were observed when the virulent and intermediate classes were compared with the avirulent class. These studies suggest GM-CSF treatment prior to and concurrent with steroid immunosuppression may ameliorate the steroid effect on tissue macrophage antifungal activity, but does not affect steroid suppression of T-cell immunity. On the other hand, desired effects of DEX could be maintained in other compartments. The mother of two, who is married to field archaeologist David Stevens, said: 'From a very young age, parents are pushing their boys to achieve in a way they don't always do for girls . New drugs for systemic fungal infections. Help us build our profile of Alice Roberts and David Stevens! [1], Stevens' success in the field of medicine, and his philanthropy, has been well recorded in John Isherwoods' Dr Joseph Stevens of St Mary Bourne (2015). Malassezia pachydermatis, a yeast that has not previously been implicated as a cause of human disease, was isolated from cultures of blood from three infants. View details for DOI 10.1196/annals.1406.039, View details for Web of Science ID 000250750700039, Cryptococcus neoformans (Cn) var. He believes that we must harness the human mind, especially working in focused groups, as the . Its also notable that women who are over 30, well educated and relatively affluent are more likely to breastfeed. Her zodiac sign is Taurus. Lou, L., Velligan, M., Roberts, C., Stevens, D. A., Clemons, K. V. Zeamatin, clotrimazole and nikkomycin Z in therapy of a Candida vaginitis model. Beta-1,3-glucan declined 81% in the presence of caspofungin, as expected. View details for Web of Science ID 000075665900020. I think that its great to be informing parents about the health benefits of breastfeeding, but the emotional benefits may be underplayed. Information regarding gene expression by either form has rarely been addressed with respect to multiple time points of growth in culture. View details for DOI 10.1099/jmm.0.033290-0, View details for Web of Science ID 000295860400002. The Candida parapsilosis family has emerged as a major opportunistic and nosocomial pathogen. Adjunct Clinical Professor, Rural Clinical School, University of Notre Dame Australia. Caspofungin at 0.1 micorg/ml and 0.05 microg/ml or Monos alone against germlings caused significant inhibition. In 24 medical centers, we examined the impact of a culture positive for Aspergillus species on the diagnosis, risk factors, management, and outcome associated with these diseases. The patient was treated with intravenous amphotericin B followed by endoscopic laser surgery that relieved the obstruction. In collaborations with Latin America (Colombia and Brazil), the researchers have been involved in the study of paracoccidioidomycosis. Limper, A. H., Knox, K. S., Sarosi, G. A., Ampel, N. M., Bennett, J. E., Catanzaro, A., Davies, S. F., Dismukes, W. E., Hage, C. A., Marr, K. A., Mody, C. H., Perfect, J. R., Stevens, D. A. Efficacy of Recombinant Human Mannose Binding Lectin Alone and in Combination with Itraconazole Against Murine Candida albicans vaginitis. In vitro and in vivo studies suggest that the female hormone (17-estradiol, E(2)) regulates or inhibits M-or-C-to-Y transition. (SRIW) and SCOPE Europe. Galgiani, J. N., Ampel, N. M., Blair, J. E., Catanzaro, A., Johnson, R. H., Stevens, D. A., Williams, P. L. Immunological basis for susceptibility and resistance to pulmonary blastomycosis in mouse strains. 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