Changes at the worksite present a hazard for which an employee has not previously been trained. Do not force frames or braces to fit - level the scaffold until proper fit can easily be made. Specific requirements are described below. [, It is dangerous and therefore impermissible for two or more vertical lifelines to be attached to each other, or to the same point of anchorage. The technical storage or access is necessary for the legitimate purpose of storing preferences that are not requested by the subscriber or user. Toeboards must be installed not more than 1/4 inch above the platform and securely fastened. How to use a plumb bob. In addition, the scaffold and its components must support, without failure, its own weight and at least four times its maximum intended load. (Figure 4) [, Scaffolds shall be altered only under the supervision and direction of a competent person. They can decide on which material to use and also the desired dimensions. He fell to the ground, sustaining a fatal blow to his head. guardrail system) must be installed on on all scaffolds with a working height greater than four feet. The jack-nut at the highest ground level should be set 7.5-15 cm (3-6 in.) It is not all-inclusive and should be used as a starting point for the competent person to develop a checklist specific to the type of scaffold and jobsite conditions encountered. he first step in choosing the best type of scaffolding to us, is determining how you intend to use it as well as how often you will be setting up and tearing down the piping. Because the number of injuries from . Supported scaffold poles, frames, uprights, etc. The nature of any electrical hazards, fall hazards, and falling object hazards in the work area. Since it is an elevated platform, the stability decreases as the height increases. Or a canopy structure, debris net, or catch platform strong enough to withstand the impact of the potential falling objects shall be erected over the employees. [, Each employee on a scaffold more than 10 feet above a lower level must be protected from falling to that lower level. [. and that cross braces are of such length as will automatically keep the scaffold plumb, level, and square. The momentum of the frame thrust the employee backward off the second level. Because metal frame scaffolds are conductive, power tools, cords, etc., that suffer insulation failure can electrify the entire scaffold. Support scaffold footings must be level and capable of supporting the loaded scaffold. Training shall include [. missing parts due to area obstructions). [, OSHA standards specifically forbid climbing cross-braces as a means of access. The ends of each platform must be cleated or restrained by hooks (or equivalent) to prevent accidental displacement, or must extend at least 6 inches over the centerline of the support. Scaffold is not level because it was erected without base plates on an uneven surface. Erects framework for structures. Top rails must be capable of supporting at least 200 pounds applied in a downward or outward direction. Proper access must be provided to access the work platform of the scaffold. Place the planks. To accomplish this, the scaffold design must incorporate a realistic Guardrails May Have Saved Him, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Outreach Training Program (10- and 30-hour Cards), OSHA Training Institute Education Centers, Electrical Incidents: Lack of Ground-Fault Protection, Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance, Scaffolding : Supported Scaffolds - Frame or Fabricated, In order to assure stability, supported scaffolds must be set on [, Footings must be capable of supporting the loaded scaffold without settling or displacement. The poles, legs, or uprights of scaffolds must be plumb, and securely and rigidly braced to prevent swaying and displacement. [, Wooden planking must not be covered with opaque finishes, except that platform edges may be marked for identification. Due to their strength, these scaffolds are frequently used where heavy loads need to be carried, or where multiple platforms must reach several stories high. Tip: A scaffold can be overloaded by removing the braces, which causes the weight on the scaffold to be distributed to fewer structural members. Runners must: Extend over two poles at minimum. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. 6. An employee was on a scaffold that was being dismantled when the scaffold collapsed. [29 CFR 1926.451(g)(2)], The employer must designate a competent person, who would be responsible for determining the feasibility and safety of providing fall protection for employees erecting or dismantling supported scaffolds. Several days later, a crew of seven workers was instructed to replace the scaffold and finish painting the sign. the diagonal brace to keep the scaffolding square. When a supported scaffold reaches a height that is more than four times its minimum base dimension (4:1), it must be restrained by guys, ties, or braces to prevent it from tipping. Keep the scaffold level, plumb, and square. Float Scaffold. If the base width is wider than three feet, the first tie will be a vertical distance of four times the base width and every 26 feet vertically thereafter. A tube and coupler scaffold has a platform(s) supported by tubing, and is erected with coupling devices connecting uprights, braces, bearers and runners. Tip: Because it may be difficult to determine if a power line is insulated, or what its exact voltage is, the 10 foot rule should always be applied. Wooden platforms (i.e. Prepares layout, using rule, framing square, and calipers. Screw jacks must be used to level scaffolding on uneven surfaces. He suffered multiple fractures to the head, left and right foot, and left wrist, and torn ligaments in the knees. [, Scaffold components made of dissimilar metals must not be used together unless a competent person has determined that galvanic action will not reduce the strength of any component below OSHA standards. This topic discusses supported scaffolds. Pumpjack scaffolds are for light duty only. bearer) at an angle other than a right angle, shall be laid first. [, A toprail of each stair rail system capable of serving as a handrail, unless a separate handrail is provided. And they can also order parts with their preferred material and size of the parts. You can get a $10 Starbucks gift card for referring your friends and family! Fall protection consists of either personal fall-arrest systems or guardrail systems, and must be provided on any scaffold 10 feet or more above a lower level. Critical to scaffolding safety are the use of competent persons for the design, erection/dismantling, and maintenance of scaffolds, and trained workers for their use. Be supported by bearing blocks securely attached to the poles. Requirements to prevent falls that apply only to these workers are addressed separately below. Point loading, or concentrating too much of the load in one area. 2. Improper Access Leads to Serious Injuries. Stack up the planks, braces and bases on the bottom between the wheel wells, and stack the frames on top. Is erected plumb and level. System Scaffolding. Haul Scaffolding Safely. Faults: Damaged. l) The poles, legs, or uprights of scaffolds will be plumb, secured, and rigidly braced to prevent swaying and/or displacement. Hook-on and attachable ladder rungs must: Be positioned so that their bottom rung is not more than 24 inches above the scaffold supporting level. 5. Do not use makeshift methods to increase the working height of the scaffold platform, such as with ladders, buckets or blocks. OSHA has standards that apply specifically to the steps that must be taken to assure a stable scaffold base. The space between the last plank and the uprights cannot exceed 9 1/2 inches. Plumb and level all scaffolds as the erection proceeds. This risk can be removed through proper clearance and maintenance. All brace connections must be secured to prevent dislodging. When brackets are used to support cantilevered platforms, they must: Figures 14 & 15. Step 2. Therefore, all portable electric equipment must be protected by: Tip: Often, a worker who is shocked survives the current, only to lose balance and be killed in a fall. [, A landing platform at least 18 inches wide by 18 inches long at each level. The ladder must extend 1 m (3 ft.) above the landing. the side of a building) basically serves as the fall protection system. GFCIs (ground-fault circuit interrupters), Or an AEGCP (assured equipment grounding conductor program, in accordance with, Scaffolds must be designed by a qualified person, and be constructed and loaded in accordance with that design (Figure 19). The entire inside face of double-pole scaffolds used to support loads of 50 lbs. Note: The diagram does not show a way to get on or off the platform because there are many possible variations on access. 3. [, Slip-resistant surfaces on treads and landings. Tip: For the same reason, cleats or other means of connecting planks should be on the underside. Scaffolds must not be close enough to overhead power lines that they, or any conductive materials (e.g. (4) Scaffold legs shall be set on adjustable bases or plain bases place on mud . This individual must supervise all scaffold assemblies, changes, movement, or dismantling. Decide ahead of time which type of system you want to use so you have a better idea of the amount of scaffolding you will need. All brace connections must be secured to prevent dislodging. We commit to utilizing our collective talent to support your risk management and insurance goals. [, Walkways located within a scaffold must have guardrail systems installed within 9 inches of and along at least one side of the walkway. [, Do not load the scaffold or any component parts beyond their maximum capacity (their own weight and 4:1 the maximum intended load). Ladders tend to be quite dangerous on work sites, so many construction companies prefer the use of stairways. In addition, there is a lot of information regarding building your own scaffold towers on the Internet. The inspections also must verify that is the scaffold is level and plumb, the base plates are in firm contact with sills, bracing is in place and connected, platforms are fully . In some cases, you may choose a new. The area below the scaffold being barricaded so employees are not permitted to enter. To be specific, a "true" surface is as "plumb" or as "level" as the job requires (which, in most cases, is a perfect level of both or either). Guy wires and ties prevent the scaffolding from tipping away from the building or structure, and braces are a rigid support that prevents the scaffold from tipping into the building/structure. (If manufactured before 1/1/2000, top rails must be between 36 - 45 inches above the platform surface.) Never load a scaffold beyond its maximum intended load or rated capacity. Plumb and level scaffold. A plumb bob uses gravity to help you align things properly. [, Stair rails and handrails surfaced to prevent punctures or lacerations to employees, and to prevent snagging of clothing. Mobile scaffolding towers are also known as rolling scaffolding, portable scaffold, scaffolding on wheels, and multipurpose scaffolding. [, Be positioned so that their bottom step is not more than 24 inches above the scaffold supporting level, [, Have rest platforms at maximum vertical intervals of 12 feet, [, Have a minimum step width of 16 inches, except for mobile scaffold stairway-type ladders, which shall have a minimum step width of 11 inches [, Have slip-resistant treads on all steps and landings. When platform units are abutted together to create a long platform, each abutted end must rest on a separate support surface. If using wooden planks, they must extend beyond the supporting points 3. bucks) must be joined together vertically by coupling or stacking pins (or equivalent means). Plumb and level all scaffolds as the erection proceeds. The cross braces shall be of such length as will automatically square and align vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb, level, and square. To counteract this, the scaffold must be braced or tied off to a stable structure such as a structural steel. is allowed to accumulate on the platform. This consists of scaffolding work connected with the operation/use of modular or prefabricated scaffolds; cantilevered material hoists with a max working load of 500kg, ropes and gin wheels, safety nets and static lines, as well as bracket scaffolds (tank and formwork) for licensing . The drawback to stairways, however, is the amount of space they are likely to take up in the overall structure. Check the level again and plumb if necessary. Plumb and level the scaffold as it is being erected. Be sure scaffold stays plumb and level as erection progresses. Posts shall be erected plumb in all directions, with the first level of runners and bearers positioned as close to the base as feasible. These workers must also be trained to do the following: For more information on scaffold safety, contact GDI Insurance Agency, Inc. and visit OSHAs Safety and Health Topics page at www.osha.gov/SLTC/scaffolding/. Has a platform that is at least 500mm wide. Frames and panels should also be locked together to prevent uplift. Ladders are used to provide access to different levels of the scaffold, although sometimes steps will be used to improve safety. Install the deck, which may be an all aluminium platform or with wood deck or scaffold planks. Only trained and authorized persons should be allowed to use a scaffold. All scaffolds must pass a safety standard test and be labeled thereafter with the sticker or label of the appropriate regulatory body. He fell, sustaining a concussion for which he was hospitalized. [29 CFR 1926.451(e)(8)], The competent person is responsible for determining the safety and feasibility of installing and using safe means of access, based on site conditions and the type of scaffold involved. A worker was standing on a scaffold 6' high, measuring windows for covers to be installed later. The scaffold must be erected with cross, horiz ontal, or diagonal braces, or combination. (, Midrails, screens, mesh, intermediate vertical members, solid panels, etc., must be able to withstand a force of at least 150 pounds applied in any downward or horizontal direction, at any point along the midrail or other member. [, Portable, hook-on, and attachable ladders must be positioned so as not to tip the scaffold. [29 CFR 1926.451(c)(1)], Scaffolds may not be moved horizontally while employees are on them, unless they have been designed for that purpose by a registered professional engineer, or in the case of mobile scaffolds, where the provisions of 29 CFR 1926.452(w) are followed. For lathing and plastering, a gap of 18 inches is permitted. All scaffolding products available at scaffoldframe.com meets OSHA and ANSI standards, and have a 5 year warranty*. [, When moving platforms to the next level, the existing platform must be left undisturbed until the new end frames have been set in place and braced. Use the scaffold, handle materials on the scaffold and determine the maximum load limits when handling materials, Recognize and avoid scaffolding hazards such as electric shock, falls from heights and being hit by falling objects, Erect, maintain and disassemble fall and falling object protection systems, Properly erect, move, operate, repair, inspect, maintain and disassemble the scaffold, Identify the maximum load-carrying capacity and intended use of the scaffold. Inches above the landing not use makeshift methods to increase the working height of the scaffold a scaffold must be erected plumb, square and level because! 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