The tornado then crossed over Kemp Boulevard and destroyed several commercial businesses, including a restaurant, resulting in several additional fatalities. The moonlight felt like a reminder of the pain and sorrow that awaited him as he stared at its yellow haze. Hail ranged in sizes "from mothballs to pineapples." In addition to the 42 fatalities directly caused by the tornado, three more people died of heart attacks and other illnesses during the stress of the tornado's passage. It generally moved to the northeast, but turned to the right along the middle of its path, the period during which it produced its violent tornado. Numbers for 1979 were similar to that of 1980. April 17, 1977 - A "freak tornado" moved from east to west across a 2-mile path in the western sections of Wichita Falls. There were a total 42 tornado fatalities in Wichita Falls, of which 25 were vehicle related. As it turned out we would have driven into Vernon just before a major tragedy unfolded with injuries and death. The formation of the tornado and its movement toward the Memorial Stadium and McNiel Junior High School were captured by Wolfgang Lange from the front of his apartment complex which was across the street from school building (Tornado Track Figure; Location #2). Damage to city property totaled $5 million while Sheppard AFB had $10 million in damages. April 3, 1964 - A violent tornado struck the northwest section of Wichita Falls and Sheppard Air Force Base, killing 7 persons and injuring 111 other people. By 1800 CST (6:00 PM), the storm had taken on a very classic supercell look with the tornado-associated mesocyclone and hook echo in the right rear portion of the echo. The first tornado formed near Crowell, Texas, at around 3:05p.m. About 35 minutes later, the first killer one of the outbreak ripped through Vernon and killed 11 people. StormReady With an east-northeast movement, it entered Wichita County and damaged a few rural homes and a string of metal high-voltage towers. The storm that produced an EF-4 tornado a mile wide would ultimately leave over fifty people dead, displace one fifth of Wichita Falls' population, and change the landscape of our city forever. Overall, the outbreak killed 58 people and injured 1,927 others. After the tornado left Wichita Falls and travelled northeast, it entered Clay County and changed its appearance. We were rushed to get into position. While the leading edge of the moist, tropical air had already surged northward across the Red River, giving Wichita Falls a vigorous southeasterly wind and a climbing dew point (Figure 16), the advancing edge of much drier, continental air swept eastward out of the High Plains and undercut the less dense and more moist tropical air. The highly unsettled atmosphere out ahead of the advancing dry air is illustrated by the sounding taken at Stephenville just as the gargantuan tornado was hitting Wichita Falls; the lowest 300 mb of the atmosphere was highly convectively unstable (Figure 24). Does Wichita Texas get tornadoes? We proceeded southwest toward Seymour witnessing a small tornado near Lake Kemp that was accompanied by golf ball size hail. Three people were injured. Small buildings were damaged or destroyed, and roofs, signs, oil field derricks and tanks were damaged. The southern supercell, the Wichita Falls storm, produced its first tornado at 1653 CST (4:53 PM) near Seymour, TX. (Documented and rated F2 by Grazulis. Damage as severe as F4 was found along most of the track across the city. ", "When the giant tornado struck Wichita Falls just before 6:00 p.m., most people were not surprised. Records taken from the Storm Prediction Center archive data, "Storm Data", and data from the National Weather Service office in Norman. I didn't want to move. We continued to drive east on a dirt road from Mabelle, Texas which is basically an intersection with a couple of old buildings. Satellite Imagery, Forecasts The tornado cut through a field and went into a housing addition on the southwest edge of Sheppard AFB. Ingredients for a devastating severe weather event were beginning to come together on the morning of April 10. ), March 27, 1939 - This tornado touched down north-northwest of Wichita Falls and moved northeastward into Clay County. 2. Final totals across three states were 181 killed and 970 injured. Eyewitnesses described details of the storm differently, but they were unanimous on one point -- it was an awesome, terrifying experience beyond anything they had encountered before. Multiple vortices are seen in this photo. Radio and TV stations aired the Tornado Watch so that most people were alerted to the threat and ready for warning messages and sirens that were to come later. Submit a Spot Forecast Fortunately, on April 10, 1979, McNiel Junior High was almost totally unoccupied when the tornado struck and a worse catastrophe was avoided. One more more brief tornadoes occurred within a larger area of straight-line wind damage in Lauderdale County. The tornado was coming down, but getting photography was difficult. Beyond the shopping mall, the tornado crossed a greenbelt area, skirted Midwestern State University on its south side, and severely damaged several more housing additions (Colonial Park, Hursh, Southmoor, Southwinds, and Southern Hills). Flood/Flash Flood Safety Non Precipitation Warnings The North Texas town of Wichita Falls has seen three major tornadoesin 1958, 1964, and another in 1979. Tornado Database The first tornado formed near Seymour at around 4:53 pm. As the much drier air whipped eastward out of the southern High Plains just after noon, thunderstorms, some of which were very heavy, boiled up in parts of the eastern High Plains and quickly spilled over into the Low Rolling Plains. Five bus passengers were injured when they took shelter in a ditch, only to have the bus roll onto them. The mall was on the north side of the tornado path and appeared to escape the most violent winds. The 1979 tornado cut a wide path of destruction through Wichita Falls homes and apartments. Earlier on the same day, several tornadoes hit farther west. Weather and Chasing. More than 40 died, and about 1,700 were injured. Winston Wells, View looking southwest at the approaching tornado northeast of Wichita Falls, Texas. We were worried that the rain would get worse before we set up the cameras which was not desirable considering we were on a dirt road. An estimated 20,000 persons were left homeless by this storm. The atmosphere in the Low Rolling Plains was highly unstable (with a Totals Index above 50 and a strong positive K Index extending southward out of western Oklahoma); very vigorous lifting of such unsettled air by the advancing dry line seemed sure to trigger violence (Figure 14). Eight persons were killed outside, 4 were killed in homes or apartments, and 4 others died in public buildings. apartments in dallas that allow airbnb Uncovering hot babes since 1919. Anyone can read what you share. ), May 26, 1955 - A small tornado touched down briefly at 1:38 am CST, moved northeastward along a narrow, 1-mile path and demolished a "washateria" and produced severely damaged several utility poles, business structures, homes, and trees. To date, it is the most damaging tornado in US history. Wolfgang Lange, View looking southwest near Memorial Stadium in Wichita Falls, Texas at the approaching tornado. The Wichita Falls area has been visited by tornadoes many times over the course of its history. Other data was found using U.S. Our path across the Red River was always through Lawton; then we usually took a short cut on OK 36 and OK 5 through open wheat country to Fredrick and Vernon. Tornado tore a large section of roof from an elementary school near. Severe weather warnings had been in effect for Wichita County and Wichita Falls for almost an hour. The tornado blew many of those vehicles off those roadways, inflicting numerous fatalities. Unsolved Death in Wichita Falls, TX. Wayne Collamore, Approaching Harrold, Texas from the southeast on Highway 287 - view is looking west at about 4:05 pm CST. The tornado's first fatalities were recorded in the apartment complex and adjoining housing area. They moved northeastward, and as a trio spawned families of tornadoes. As bad as the tornado was, it could have been worse. Severe, tornado-producing, thunderstorms erupted along the dry line and moved eastward along and north of the warm front, continuing into the night in central and northeast Oklahoma. Winston Wells, Current Hazards It was the costliest tornado in history until the F5 Moore-Oklahoma City tornado struck in 1999. . No fatalities or injuries occurred. Forty-two peoples were killed and over 1700 injured. Fortunately, its long path on the ground was mostly over open farmland so that it caused relatively few casualties and small total property damage. One F4 tornado impacted Vernon, Texas.The most notable tornado was another F4 tornado that destroyed most of the southern part of Wichita Falls, Texas, and is commonly referred to as "Terrible Tuesday" by many meteorologists. Very large groups of people gathered in tornado-vulnerable places, such as schools, stadiums (such as Memorial Stadium), and outdoor events, are disasters waiting to happen. Minor damage occurred to some fences and the area. Satellite Imagery, Forecasts Approaching Harrold, Texas from the southeast on Highway 287 - view is looking west at 4:00 pm CST. A concrete block building was destroyed, and another was partially destroyed. Note that the 50 dBZ core was no longer evident. The Wichita Falls tornado alone killed 42 people and caused $400 million in damage ($1.93billion in today's dollars). Photographs indicated that it was a large, cylindrical tornado with a well organized debris cloud. After taking his last picture of the approaching tornado, Mr. Lange retreated to the apartment complex laundry room and hid between heavy commercial washers and dryers, escaping with only minor injuries. Aviation Weather By this time teams from NSSL and the University of Oklahoma had arrived. 6. A storm appeared on the horizon that had developed far to our south near Abilene. Historic data, especially before 1950, are likely incomplete. WICHITA FALLS, Texas (TNN) - April 10th, 1979, a day forever ingrained in the minds of those who lived through it. StormReady The awesome "freight train like sound" was audible from the Weather Bureau Airport Station. Six cross-country steel transmission towers were destroyed just east of Farm Road 2650. Miss Mahon's parents and five brothers and sisters wept as the Rev. We think this was the early stages of the Vernon tornado. wichita falls tornado 1979 deathsare there really purple owls "The damage path was one of the widest I have ever seen, and its intensity was almost equal to that of the giant . A few hours earlier that day, another tornado tore through Vernon, killing 10 residents and injuring more than 60 others. Barns were destroyed and homes sustained roof damage. The damage was quite hit and miss. Tours. When autocomplete results are available use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. Over 3,000 homes were destroyed and another 1,000 were damaged, and over 1,000 apartment units/ condominiums were destroyed and another 130 damaged. Surface Maps Severe Thunderstorm Warnings It inflicted additional F0-F2 damage south of Dean and Byers, but no more fatalities occurred. Fortunately, no one was killed or injured by the tornado. 2. Overall, mobile homes and permanent homes lead fatality location totals with 44.8% and 26.2% of all deaths occurring in these structures, respectively. A thunderstorm that pelted the Coleman area with golfball-size hail also generated a tornado that caused considerable damage to power lines and outbuildings north of the city. The Wichita Falls tornado cut a wide swath of dam. Skywarn Storm Spotters Further to the northeast we could see a very large tornado with reddish suction spots rotating about the circulation. A second severe thunderstorm pounded the area just north of Brownwood with hail having a diameter of 3 to 3 1/2 inches. US Dept of Commerce After dodging power lines, broken poles, and busted trees we dropped south on US 183/283 on the east side of Vernon. ), June 6, 1936 - A tornado touched down at 5:20 pm CST and moved southeastward over a path of 440 yards wide by four miles long caused damage of $50,000 in Wichita Falls and injured two people, although one person may have been hurt due to a lightning strike. Local During the morning, closely monitored air mass movements, temperatures, dew points, and winds had all been shifting towards critical values indicative of severe thunderstorms and potential tornadoes. Fire Weather The storm's second tornado, the terrible Wichita Falls tornado, formed at 1755 CST (5:55 PM) to the southwest of the city and moved through the southern and eastern sides of Wichita Falls shortly after 1800 CST (6:00 PM). The deadliest tornadoes to strike in Texas in 26 years ravaged parts of four communities near the Red River on April 10, taking 53 lives, injuring 1808, and causing damage worth $427 million1. In addition, the author hopes that the analyses will serve as a handy source of reference to those who seek to recall the past and those whose research work attempts to relate the weather to other aspects of human existence. Tornado was well documented on film and by NSSL storm researchers. Many of the 1,800 injured, however, were in homes. The large Wichita Falls F4 tornado moving through town. May 23, 1888 - A tornado moved northeastward and passed 6 miles west of Wichita Falls during the evening of May 23, 1888. The injury count for this tornado was 1,740, the most injuries ever recorded for an F4/EF4 tornado. Heavy lake effect snow, strong winds, and reduced visibilities continue downwind of the Great Lakes. About the time the tornado entered town, it changed appearance, becoming one large black cloud of condensation and debris. Dr. Ted Fujita of the University of Chicago used these surveys to estimate the F-scale and probable wind speeds associated with the tornado. The clouds in the flanking lines exploded up the back of the storm through the back-sheared anvil to the overshooting top. Barns were destroyed and livestock was killed, including horses on two farms. The following table includes data and summaries from the tornadoes that occurred in the area since the late 1800's. Those sources of meteorological data used in this report consist of: official rainfall, snowfall, temperature, wind, sunshine, and moisture data as provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) in the publications, "Climatological Data: Texas," "Local Climatological Data" (for selected cities), "Storm Data, and "Daily Weather Maps;" weather teletype reports (circuits "A" and "C") from the National Weather Service surface and upper-air observing network; surface and upper-air facsimile charts provided by the National Meteorological Center of NOAA; newspaper accounts; and photographic data obtained by the author. Violent weather became more widespread as the afternoon progressed. Barely one week later, phenomenally great amounts of rainfall poured on the southeastern sector of the State, taking 4 lives and inundating parts of numerous communities. Several deaths in the Vernon tornado occurred because persons were caucht in autcmobiles that were tossed Historic tornado in Wichita KS McConnell AFB 1991. After dark, another jet stream wind maximum moved northeastward into west central and northern Texas, sparking a second round of severe thunderstorms and tornadoes. The warnings were being broadcast repeatedly by two local TV stations and three local radio stations which were receiving continuously updated information over the emergency hotline connecting them with the Wichita Falls WSO. (Documented and rated F2 by Grazulis. The spring of 1979 was a very active tornado period for the plains states. About 1540 CST (3:40 PM), a tornado devastated the southeastern portion of Vernon, TX (11 fatalities). Strong inflow winds associated with the tornado and the larger-scale mesocyclonic winds rotating around the tornado produced light damage over almost all of the city. In addition to the tornado which developed near Wichita Falls, sustained winds of 35 to 45 mph from the southeast with gusts near 60 mph developed across western north Texas during the mid-evening of the 10th and persisted through much of the night. Meanwhile, behind the dry line and cool front in the High Plains, the atmosphere quickly stabilized, and drying out was evident in the lower half of the atmosphere below 500 mb (Figure 26). 4. Instead of going through Vernon we dropped further south through Seymour, then north on Texas 267. Unlike Mr. Lange, Mr. Molet did not have an unobstructed view of the western horizon and did not immediately recognize that the threatening cloud was a tornado. WICHITA FALLS The tenth day of April is a day that will be forever etched in the history of the city of Wichita Falls.42 years ago, on April 10, 1979, a severe weather outbreak in North Texas . Evan got up, the moonlight bouncing off his not so wicked blue eyes. One piece of farm equipment was destroyed and damage occurred to fences and trees. Storm Events Database, tornadoes, 04-10-1979. A destructive and deadly tornado outbreak impacted the Red River Valley on April 10, 1979. To the south of the warm front, moist, unstable air was streaming northward. The Vernon tornado destroyed a restaurant, motel, a farm implement store, and more than a dozen homes; damage totaled $27 million. Brenda Lee Whitehead. . More. The tornado first touched down at 2:35 pm CST north of the intersection of Farm Road 369 and Seymour Highway. Losses eligible for Federal disaster relief totaled $63 million, but Federal disaster assistance did not cover additional millions in damages. The tornado then crossed a short span of open fields before moving into the Colonial Park area. Continuing east-northeastward, the violent tornado destroyed a large portion of a residential neighborhood before heavily damaging a commercial building along Southwest Parkway. Please Contact Us. The twister was almost a mile wide when it entered the Faith Village neighborhood on the north side of the east-west oriented Southwest Parkway. It sped into Clay County, causing no deaths but 40 injuries and damage in the communities of Dean and Petrolia that amounted to $15 million. Tornado F-scale ratings prior to 1950, as well as most tornado data are referenced from Significant Tornadoes, 1680-1991 by T. P. Grazulis. Some or all of the walls remained for well-built homes (photos 4-6 on the damage photo tab) and bathrooms in particular provided good protection. Aloft, the strong wind maximum was over the Red River area, producing significant vertical wind shear. Had we gotten stuck in the damage of the town the chase would have been over. Lighter damage occurred outside of the AFB and no hail was observed. 25 of those deaths were vehicle related. The destructive and deadly tornado outbreak impacted the Red River Valley on April 10, 1979. Meanwhile, President Carter declared Oklahoma a major disaster area as a result of the tornadoes, making Federal funds available for relief and recovery efforts. The funnel was quite close at this time and large black crows were caught up in the outer circulation. Several brief touchdowns in Seymour resulted in scattered roof damage and one overturned truck. We examined the circumstances of death and injury among victims of the tornado that struck Wichita Falls, Texas, on 10 April 1979. Forty-two people were killed outright by the storm, while 3 others died of heart attacks. This huge F4 first touched down about 3 miles northeast of Holliday. Several strong to violent tornadoes touched down throughout the region that day. To avoid getting trapped, it's been my policy to avoid blasted cities when ever possible. The April 10, 1979, tornado that hit Wichita Falls is the state's fifth-deadliest and one of the largest in U.S. history. 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