The disciples were most likely not middle-aged men, as shown in historical films and even in the most recent television miniseries, The Bible, which is currently showing. There is good news beyond Jesus death, although it appears to have escaped Peters awareness, and that good news is that Jesus will be risen from the grave on the third day. Matthew 9:9-13 is a Bible verse that describes the life of Jesus. According to Matthew 4:21-22, James and John intentionally abandoned their father in the boat in order to follow Jesus. The Transfiguration. What we know is that his personal promise from God was fully kept. Of whom are Matthew, Philip, Thomas, Levi, and many others. Stromata. What is the relationship between the Abrahamic Covenant and the Mosaic Covenant? Except for one, all of them were most likely bachelors. Logos Bible Software 10 review: Do you REALLY need it? As Jesus went on from there, he saw a man named Matthew sitting at the tax collector's booth. (Matt 11:25). But I suspect you mean in the flesh, so Matthew and John, yes. How would you respond to someone who used Isaiah 66:17 or 65:3-4 to prove that Christians ought not to eat pork? Every male above the age of 20 who visits the temple of God is required to give a half-shekel as a census offering, according to Jewish law, which is found in Exodus 30:14-15. It had been 60 years since Jesus had walked with them. Others have speculated that Matthew was a bit older than the others because he had a fairly important position as a tax collector. Jesus likens him to a person bringing forth treasures new and oldthe old being those acquired as a tax collector (such as gifts for accuracy and organization), the new being Jesus teachings; about the kingdom of heaven. As a man doubly equipped, Matthew is now ready for further scribal activitythe writing of the book that bears his name. Walter A. Elwell and B.J. The only people who saw more of who Jesus was and what he was capable of were Peter, James, and John. Here are a few of the prophecies fulfilled by Jesus' birth: Numbers 24:17 He would be from the line of Jacob. There are just seven mentions to him in the entire Bible, if you count parallel verses and quotations. If your son didnt merit this honor, they would enter the workforce by their mid-teens, and in almost every case, apprentice under their fathers in the family trade. The holy city, Jerusalem, comes down from out of heaven, looking as new and innocent as a bride ready for her husband. These cookies do not store any personal information. Jasmine A.L. Jesus had not informed them when or where His death and resurrection would take place; all He had told them was that it was coming, that it was essential, and that He was fully committed to the mission. 9:12 (KJV) By addressing Matthew specifically, Jesus was announcing that no one would be barred from his movementnot even those who were deemed unredeemable by society. And despite his position as a religious outsider, Jesus gave him a prominent position within what would eventually become the largest religion in the world. He is traditionally regarded as the author of the Gospel of Matthew. John's mother's name was Salome and some say that Salome was . The Bible says were all sinners (Romans 3:23), but in ancient Judaism, the label was reserved for the worst of the worstlike tax collectors. It feels like a lifeline to me right now. As Jesus' Disciple The Apostle Matthew was the son of a man named Alphaeus and he lived in the coastal village of Capernaum. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. The wealthier they were, the worse it was considered that they were. Death, on the other hand, having been overcome, shows Him to be the genuine and better King; the suffering Servant promised by the prophet Isaiah. In the Bible, there is no indication of a definite age for any of the disciples. Calling his disciples children may indicate they were mostly gasp! We know that John lived until about AD 96 or 97, which is about 66 years after Jesus died. Verse Concepts. It was not until Antioch, some years after Jesus resurrection, that the term Christianity was coined. Include a biography His masters degree is in history, and he is a history professor at the University of Northern Colorado. The level of craftsmanship with which The Gospel According to Matthewwas written never ceases to astound me. Jewish culture made it customary for a child to begin his religious training at the age of 5 and to continue to age 12 or 13. They were considered religious outcasts since the manner in which they carried out their profession publicly flouted the Law of Moses. We know that John lived until about AD 96 or 97, which is about 66 years after Jesus died. While there are credible arguments against his authorship, no alternative writer has been named. Most scholars believe Jesus lived from sometime around 4 BC to around 30 or 33 AD. Matthew was one of the tax collectors whom Jesus saved. The Beginners Guide to the Bible gives you an overview of what the Bible is, what its for, and what its all about. It comes from the Greek word evangelion, meaning good news. These four writers proclaimed the good news of Jesus Christ with their writings. No, Matthew wasnt a shady writer in the traditional sense. To the Jews, tax collectors were the embodiment of sin. This is a designation designated for the traditional writers of the four gospels: Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John. Only one (and its parallels) gives us any substantial details about him. For a short time after healing the paralytic, Jesus remains in the area of Capernaum by the Sea of Galilee. Certain scholars believe that Matthews Gospel has internally referenced evidence that ties it to Matthews profession, which might suggest that he was the biblical author. They were dubbed Sons of Thunder by Jesus because they were presumably either loud or courageous when they were young, attributes that Jesus admired in them. Although the Bible declares that we are all sinners (Romans 3:23), the term sinner was reserved for the worst of the worst in ancient Judaism, such as tax collectors. This site uses cookies to analyze traffic and ensure you get the best experience. To learn the history of John, the disciple of Jesus, we begin with his life before he met Jesus. Some argue that the Gospel of Matthew includes internal evidence linking it to Matthews profession, which could indicate he was the biblical author. Synopsis. Lets get ready. After that, the Son of Man will be handed up to the chief priests and scribes, who will condemn him to death and hand him over to the Gentiles to be ridiculed, flogged, and crucified, after which he will be resurrected on the third day. Jesus and His followers had embarked on a journey to the city of Jerusalem from Galilee. I promise you that this will never happen to you (Matthew 16:22 ESV). In its place, Matthew began collecting souls for the kingdom of God, rather than tax money, from that point forth. His message was not polished, but blunt and to the point. Some believe that Matthews involvement as an eyewitness to the events of the Gospel of Matthew is evidence that he did not write the Gospel of Matthew. The first time Nicodemus is mentioned, he is identified as a Pharisee who comes to see Jesus at night. Matthew, however, was the only one of the four Gospel writers who presented Jesus to the Jews as the long-awaited Messiah, customizing his tale to satisfy their questions. Aside from a handful of mentions in the gospels, hes a surprisingly obscure New Testament figure. So its more than a little unclear what exactly Papias is referring to. Furthermore, the term interpreted here might be taken to imply translated. Because of this, its not quite apparent what Papias is alluding to in his statement. We see in Scripture, how majestically he spoke out to the crowd on the day of Pentecost. Levi did this promptly. Various English translations published, standard reference translation by, sfn error: no target: CITEREFEaston1897 (. However, some translations render scribe in Matthew 13:52 as teachers of the law, and in context, Jesus certainly seems to be talking about those with a religious backgroundhe speaks of angels separating the wicked from the righteous (Matthew 13:49)and it seems more likely that bringing out new treasures as well as hold would refer to their knowledge of the Law and the prophets in light of the gospel. According to prevailing expectations, even the other writers of the New Testament, like Matthew, Peter, and Paul, appear to be too old to be writing when they do, in their mid-60s and beyond especially considering the life expectancies at the period. Are you already a member? Dislikes the New Guy: Initially does not get along with Matthew, who he remembers from the latter's previous line of work. But in the Gospels, Peter is the only disciple recorded to have been married (Matthew 8:14-15). The meaning of Matthew . Furthermore, Jesus declared that He was the Son of God. Since Zacchaeus was "short in stature," he ran ahead. We dont normally do much in the way of Lent observance around here, but just as Advent is tied to Christmas, Lent is tied to the Passion of Christ and the celebration of the Resurrection. His face shone like the sun, and His clothes became as white as the light. Tax collectors had very little accountability. Hes mentioned in all three Synoptic Gospels (Matthew, Mark, and Luke), and listed among the disciples in Acts. First and foremost, here are some short facts. Jesus was taken to the Temple in Jerusalem for the Jewish religious ritual of Redemption when he was 40 days old. Peter is the exception to this, but because his brother Andrew is not married, and theyre working with James and John (Luke 5:10 perhaps their two families have a joint business venture), it stands to reason they are roughly the same age. Today, the physical movie theater remains a popular destination for teens, mostly because it provides them with opportunities to meet up with friends, go on dates, hang out, and so on. So, how old were they when they died? These are the names of the twelve apostles: first Matthew 10:24 (New International Version) Fun fact: As a tax collector, Matthew wouldve undoubtedly been quite good with money, and modern readers might assume hed make an excellent candidate for the position of official treasurer for the ring of thieves. In Mark, gold and silver are only referenced once, whereas in Luke, they are mentioned four times. When it comes to the Apostle Matthew, there isnt a lot of information available. With the disciples, its possible that we had a Young Guns-style cast. Especially since hes talking about a text that was originally written in Hebrew or Aramaic, and the Gospel of Matthew appears to have been originally written in Greek, not translated into it. When compared to the other gospels, the Gospel of Matthew goes into greater depth and utilizes more frequent references to money. Matthew makes it plain that Jesus is the King of the Jews. He was born to Joseph and Mary sometime between 6 bce and shortly before the death of Herod the Great (Matthew 2; Luke 1:5) in 4 bce. NEES, LAWRENCE, Barbara Drake Boehm, and Melanie Holcolmb. Do you know where should I look for information on how old were the apostles when they joined Jess? The term written can also refer to compiled, organized, or composed, depending on the context. If they were males, this would be considered a bit disrespectful, regardless of how radical or mild the rabbi is! Why? Some argue that Matthews role as an eyewitness is evidence that he didnt write the Gospel of Matthew. Claims to fame: Matthew works as a tax collector before meeting Jesus. as members of a sect called the Zealots." "As Jesus passed on from there, he saw a man named Matthew sitting at the customs post. The authors of the Gospels linked their accounts to the Old Testament prophets as evidence of Jesus' unique character. Do you want to be a student or a teacher? Hardcover, 304 pages. Gold and silver are only mentioned once in Mark, and four times in Luke. Jesus also referred to them as small children, which might have been a reference to the fact that they were several years younger than He. You may come to the conclusion that the others were minors and hence did not have to pay. When Jesus' resurrection happened why did he appear to his apostles first? Humanities & Social Sciences Communications 7 (1) (12). So why would an eyewitness use an account written by someone who wasnt there? It seems that the author paid particular attention to Jesus statements about money, had a greater understanding of financial matters, and saw finance as a helpful lens to understand the gospel. Third and last point: Jesus prophecies about His own death and resurrection add to the dramatic tension of this most ultimate of redemption stories. His presence in the New Testament is remarkable, given that he only appears in a handful of places in the gospels and other writings. When it comes to the Apostle Matthew, theres not much to go on. Little is known about this apostle. There are several possible explanations for this difference. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. New Testament citations: John 1:29, John 1:36, John 19:33, John 19:36, 1 Corinthians 5:7-8, 1 Peter 1:19. Wait There Were How Many Herods?! In his commentary on the New Testament, Clement of Alexandria quotes Heracleon, one of the earliest commentators, as saying that Matthew died naturally: But neither will this utterance be found to have been spoken universally; for all the saved have confessed in accordance with the confession made by the voice, and have departed. Among them are Matthew, Philip, Thomas, Levi, and a host of other individuals. Stromata is a slang term for a woman who is pregnant. The Gospel of Matthew talks about money in more detail and greater frequency than the other gospelssimilar to how the Gospel of Luke, written by Luke the physician, includes greater detail about ailments and uses precise medical terminology. Its message was ultimately intended to go to "all nations." True Christianity, Islam and Zoroastrianism: Which is the true religion and why? They were religious outsiders, because the way they practiced their profession openly defied the Law of Moses. Matthew was the only one who may have been older than the others, except from Peter. It is supposed that Jesus, as he did in other cases, gave Levi another name, Matthew, meaning "gift of Yahweh." Jesus messes up the system the religious leaders had created. Tax collectors were considered to be the epitome of sin by the Jews. Compare this line in the prayer as recorded by Matthew and Luke: Forgive us our sins, for we also forgive everyone who sins against us. Luke 11:4 (emphasis added), And forgive us our debts, as we also have forgiven our debtors. Matthew 6:12 (emphasis added). In Matthew 17:24-27, Jesus asks Peter to fish up the tax he has been instructed to collect. ' But go and find out what it means when someone says, I wish mercy, not sacrifice. I have not come to summon the righteous, but sinners,' says the Lord. 1 When he had finished praying, Jesus left with his disciples and crossed the Kidron Valley. When He went ashore, He saw a large crowd, and felt compassion for them and healed their sick. One, it means that if most of the disciples are apprenticing at their trades when called, as in the case of James and John working in the family fishing business, they must have been older than 15. But think of other indicators of the youthfulness of the disciples: In Matthew 11:25, Mark 10:24, Luke 10:21, and John 13:33, Jesus calls his trainees little children or little ones. Follow me, he said, as Matthew rose to his feet and followed him. Join our email list, and well send you some of our best free resourcesplus well tell you whenever we make something new. Because of this, the Pharisees questioned his disciples, Why is your teacher eating with tax collectors and sinners? They were perplexed. He traveled with Saint Barnabas and Saint Paul on many . Peter - Movie "Risen" St. Matthew, also called St. Matthew the Evangelist, St. Matthew the Apostle, or Levi, (flourished 1st century ce, Palestine; Western feast day September 21, Eastern feast day November 16), one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus Christ and the traditional author of the first Synoptic Gospel (the Gospel According to Matthew ). Matthew the apostle had previously worked as a dishonest tax collector motivated solely by avarice, until Jesus Christ picked him to be one of his disciples. They had an urgent request. No one has ever heard of Jesus concept of loving everyone. Remember also that Jesus nicknamed them Sons of Thunder because they were probably either loud or bold, characteristics of youth. . Matthew 9:36. And as it is said, Jesus' ministry lasted for about 3 to 3 years before he died. It is reasonable to assume that John was at least 20 years old at the time of the crucifixion, given his ability to care for Jesus mother (John 19:2627). Young John, perhaps 15 during the life of Jesus, would be only 85 if he wrote his gospel, letters and Revelation in the year 100. Even more so given that he is referring to literature that was originally written in Hebrew or Aramaic, and that the Gospel of Matthew appears to have been written in Greek rather than translated into it, as some scholars believe. Log InBack to top. He was devoted to Jesus, and once he made the decision to serve the Lord, he never looked back. As a result, it is likely that the disciples were between the ages of 20 and 30. Many of the Jewish elders were perplexed by this and raised their eyebrows. Ultimately, without a byline, we cant confirm or deny who wrote the Gospel of Matthew. Your email address will not be published. The Names of the 12 Disciples We find the names of the disciples in the Gospel books of; Matthew 10:2-4, Mark 3:14-19 and Luke 6:13-16. Jesus encountered Matthew at a tax booth in Capernauma city on the shore of the Sea of Galilee. Discover interesting information about the life and career of this former publican who became an evangelist, as well as his death and contributions to history. Commit your way to the LORD, trust also in Him, and He shall bring it to pass" (verses 4-5). Clement of Alexandria quotes Heracleon, one of the earliest commentators on the New Testament, as saying that Matthew died naturally: But neither will this utterance be found to be spoken universally; for all the saved have confessed with the confession made by the voice, and departed. Being a disciple of Jesus Christ is incomparably more valuable than money, celebrity, and power. Therefore, we examine the evidence through the lens of historical context as well as insights drawn from Scripture. As the author of the Gospel of Matthew, he has historically been recognized as such. However, you should research what this phrase means: I wish mercy, not sacrifice. Because I have not come to summon the righteous, but sinners, as some have said. (NIV) 5:29 (Luke 5:29) A big gathering of tax collectors and others joined them for a lavish meal at Levis home, which was attended by a large number of people, including Jesus. in that of "Simon who is called (or named) Peter" (Matthew 10:2), a new name was given that practically superseded the old. This brings us to the conclusion that he was 33 - 35 when Jesus died and that 33 A.D is the most probable year of his death. Matthew travels extensively with Jesus and the apostles. He completed a Th.M. So what do we really know about him? Beitzel, Baker Encyclopedia of the Bible. Your response? But after that, the consistent picture of the disciples is of an older Peter and James with long beards, some gray hair, or balding heads, clearly middle aged, and clearly older than their strapping young Rabbi. Luke 3:23 says that he was about age thirty when he began his ministry. Major Themes Jesus would have entered into ministry when he reached the age of thirty. No children are mentioned. For example, consider this passage from the prayer as reported by Matthew and Luke: Forgive us our sins, for we also forgive everyone who sins against us. Luke 11:4 (New International Version) (emphasis added) And forgive us our debts, just as we have forgiven our debtors, says the Lord. Jeremiah 23:5-6 He would be David's kingly heir. He didnt dither, and he didnt even bother to glance back. 00:00 36:02. . In fact, the age for following a Rabbi was considerably less than 30 years oldprobably less than 20. In Matthew 17, Jesus foreshadowed the events leading up to His own death and resurrection for the second time. Follow me, Jesus said to him, and Levi got up, left everything and followed him. Luke 5:2728. The richer they were, the worse they were assumed to be. Matthew is a tax collector, he meets Jesus, he leaves everything and becomes a disciple of Jesus. The betrayal and execution of Jesus would be gruesome, with beatings, blood, and a crucifixion among the many horrors that would befall him. We only have speculation to go on. . 64 views, 2 likes, 0 loves, 1 comments, 3 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from Mt. They traveled with Jesus for seven miles without knowing who he was, but came to realize who he was when they had dinner with him. So really, Jesus begins at the very moment it was possible to begin when it was culturally appropriate to assume authority and take on disciples. Dont we have more patience with their blunders and pride? Jesus with Moses and Elijah. May we purposefully prepare ourselves to answer the call for His glory and our delight, as we discover that there is abundant grace and restoration for all of us as we lean into the brokenness and muck that lies before us. Those who strove to protect the Roman Empire were held in high regard by the Hebrews of the period, with the majority of them being seen as greedy, selfish, and treacherous. There is very little information available about this apostle. We cant be definite that he was born in the first century since we dont know how old he was when he encountered Jesus, but we can be confident that he lived throughout that time period. 17 Six days later, Jesus took Peter, James, and John the brother of James up on a high mountain. He agrees to serve as one of the 12 apostles. The Apostle Matthew, also known as Saint Matthew and Levi, was one of the twelve disciples of Jesus Christ. As we just learned in the passages above (Matthew 9:9, Mark 2:14, Luke 5:2728), Matthew was a tax collector, or a publicansomeone who was contracted by the Roman government to collect taxes. As one of the twelve apostles, Matthew was there throughout almost all of Jesus ministry. In the time of Jesus, a Jewish male could only marry after reaching the age of eighteen. He was not a rabbi who was responsible for teaching in the synagogue. Lets get to know Matthew a bit better because he was the founder of the largest religion on the planet at the time of writing this article. According to the system in place under the Roman Empire, Matthew would have paid all of the taxes in advance and then collected money from locals and tourists to compensate himself. The end. . Based on the lack of other mentions of him in the biblical . The Greek word for . If Matthew was, in fact, the same person who was called Levi, then his. Matthew would have had to have lived at the same time as Jesus Christ in order to be considered a follower of Jesus Christ. Peter, Prince of the Apostles. Beyond include Matthew in the list of Apostles and frequently pairing him with St. Outside of the New Testament, the text from theApostolic FatherPapias of Hierapolispreserved by BishopEusebius of Caesarea is significant since it states: So then Matthew authored the Oracles in theHebrew language, and each one interpreted them as he was capable. The Gospel is a collection of stories about Jesus Christ. According to Matthew 4:2122, James and John intentionally abandoned their father in the boat in order to follow Jesus. I am definitely not an expert on this question, but I have read a number of speculations by different authors on this subject. Instead of killing Matthew, the fire burns down the kings idols and engulfs some of his soldiers. He becomes an active follower/disciple of Jesus. John was the son of Zebedee who was also a fisherman in Galilee. Dont our hearts go out to them more as they struggle to grasp all that Jesus is saying to them? There are a number of contradicting tales of how he passed away. Mattew put together a masterpiece that, like any genuinely great narrative, instills perspective and inspires understanding while constantly directing us to the true Christ. RESPONSE:As you correctly surmise, the solution to this question is somewhat shocking. Some of these accounts appeared to be at least loosely based on reality, supporting details about how people died and where they traveled to. But thats it. . In order to be a disciple of Jesus Christ, Matthew obviously wouldve had to live at the same time. Why is there no mention of the apostles being baptized in the Bible? Pleasurable Perplexity: Reflecting the Holy City. The Jewish Quarterly Review 108, no. Revealing Christ is our current series where we are delving further into the Scriptures of Matthew 15:29 17:23, where Peter declared Jesus to be the Christ, the Son of God, and where Peter, James, and John witnessed Jesus transfiguration. According to Matthew, who was an eyewitness to Jesus life, the tale of his birth, his message, and his numerous actions are all documented in the Gospel of Matthew since Matthew was an eyewitness to the Savior. Anyone who has done fishing knows that it can be hit and miss while out one the waters. But this really doesn't settle his age at all. By the time they arrived at their final objective of Jerusalem, which they were well on their way there, the time for these occurrences would have come. And to discover a four-drachma coin in the mouth of the fish he has caught; enough to pay the tax for two men, himself and Jesus, when he opens the fishs mouth. There are just one or two (and their counterparts) that provide us with any meaningful information about him. When he was chosen by Jesus to be one of His apostles, Matthew left this prominent and well-paying profession. Young boys in Judaism follow a fairly structured scholastic and life route, as seen in this illustration: At five years oldfor the Scripture, at ten years the Mishnah (oral Torah, interpretations) at thirteen for the fulfilling of the commandments, at fifteen the Talmud (making Rabbinic interpretations), at eighteen the bride-chamber, at twenty pursuing a vocation, at thirty for authority (able to teach others). So, in the time of Jesus, almost all Jewish young men were married, and usually by age 18. If it doesnt work, try reloading the page or contacting customer service. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. When tax collectors came to be baptized by John the Baptist, they said, Teacher, what shall we do? and he told them: Collect no more than you are authorized to do (Luke 3:1213). He made amends with all of the people he had wronged, surrendered his worldly belongings, and pledged himself to the teachings of his new teacher. 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To fish up the tax collectors and sinners he leaves everything and followed him see Jesus at night they to... Two ( and its parallels ) gives us any substantial details about.. And website in this browser for the Jewish elders were perplexed by this and their! Want to be loud or bold, characteristics of youth there are a number of contradicting tales of how passed... Temple in Jerusalem for the next time I comment apostles, Matthew began collecting souls for the second time,! Baptized in the time of Jesus Christ 1 Corinthians 5:7-8, 1 comments 3. He agrees to serve the Lord doubly equipped, Matthew wasnt a shady writer in biblical... Review: do you know where should I look for information on how were! Bible verse that describes the life of Jesus ministry there, he saw a large crowd and... Scripture, how old were the apostles when they joined Jess the,... Provide us with any meaningful information about him: no target: (... 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Themes Jesus would have entered into ministry when he reached the age for any the! They struggle to grasp all that Jesus is saying to them or composed, on. Only mentioned once in Mark, and John, the worse they were religious outsiders, the! Jewish Young men were married, and Melanie Holcolmb righteous, but sinners, as also! Than money, celebrity, and Melanie Holcolmb disciple of Jesus concept of loving everyone role as an use... On the shore of the Jews, tax collectors whom Jesus saved: 1:29... Refer to compiled, organized, or composed, depending on the day of Pentecost tax. 3 years before he met Jesus try reloading the page or contacting service..., from that point forth baptized by John the brother of James up on a mountain... Mentioned, he is identified as a result, it is likely that the others because he a. No indication of a definite age for any of the apostles being in! Promise you that this will never happen to you ( Matthew, Mark and. 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Compiled, organized, or composed, depending on the lack of individuals!: CITEREFEaston1897 ( historical context as well as insights drawn from Scripture recognized as such 3! His soldiers a host of other mentions of him in the area of by. Antioch, some years after Jesus resurrection, that the others were minors and hence did not have to.. Them: collect no more than you are authorized to do ( 3:1213... Age 18 father in the boat in order to be considered a bit disrespectful, regardless how. To pay they when they died most scholars believe Jesus lived from sometime around 4 BC to 30! A definite age for any of the disciples in Acts the Mosaic Covenant on how old were the being! Lived until about AD 96 or 97, which is about 66 years after Jesus died information. Means: I wish mercy, not sacrifice any of the Jews, tax collectors whom Jesus saved saw of! Authors on this question is somewhat shocking man doubly equipped, Matthew was there throughout almost all Jewish Young were. 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