Victims of military rape deserve justice. National Priorities Project. Wheeler, W. T. (2009). We both wound up suspended for that one (Ashton, 2011). If we say the history of the United States has been written in war, that is not too much of an exaggeration. Americans are hurt, he warned, when the defense budget squanders money that could be used to repair schools or to guarantee universal health care (Arias, 1999, p. A19). ABSTRACT This essay examines ways in which American social science in the late twentieth century wasand was nota creature of the Cold War. This episode of the Social Science of War podcast examines the challenges posed by cyber . Holland, J. However, issues also affect higher education, and we examine a few of them here. Hartung, W. D. (2012). Our specialists will write a custom essay on any topic for $13.00 $10.40/page. This same yearly amount could have paid for one years worth (California cost figures) of all of the following (National Priorities Project, 2012): All these figures demonstrate that war and preparation for war indeed have a heavy human cost, not only in the numbers of dead and wounded, but also in the diversion of funds from important social functions and needs. Virtual reality A social studies essay might be assigned to any middle school, high school, or college student. New York, NY: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. Worrell, M. P. (2011). As this overview of the debate over military spending indicates, the military remains a hot topic more than two decades after the Cold War ended following the demise of the Soviet Union. Other types of less obvious social changes have also resulted from various wars. Defense outlays rose by 85 percent beyond inflation between 2000 and 2011. The chief academic disciplines of the social sciences are anthropology, economics, history, political science, and sociology. Researchers found that acceptance and support from community and family may lessen the toll of mental health conditions experienced by former child soldiers. Although war is a social phenomenon arising from decisions of political and military officials, other phenomena can make it more likely that these officials will decide to go to war. Social Problems by University of Minnesota is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. Other experts echo President Eisenhowers concern over the size of the military budget (Bacevich, 2011; Korb, Rothman, & Hoffman, 2012; Lochhead, 2012; Wheeler, 2009). An unknown number of civilians were burned severely or, if they were lucky, died. As an economics writer wryly noted, So remember to take pride in American power, and remember that it comes at a very high price. In making this classic macroeconomics decision, the United States has much to learn from the wealthy nations of Europe. The psychological effect of war on veterans and their families We have textbook solutions for you! In addition to psychological and physiological trauma, rape and sexual assault impose huge economic costs on the military because of medical expenses for helping survivors and for prosecuting their rapists. This work goes under a variety of names, including 'human dynamics' and 'computational social science'. APA 950 words Get instant access to the full solution from yourhomeworksolutions by clicking the purchase button below The post Identify two social science issues related to war. Baker, L. (2012, February 18). More than 85 articles were downloaded, and of these, 53 articles were selected by considering relatedness, reputability of the journal, and pattern of writing and analyzed accordingly. Generally accepted as falling under the heading social science are sociology, anthropology, political science, psychology, and economics, although debates still rage within these disciplines as to the degree to which each is a humanity versus a science. In these surveys, between 10 percent and 33 percent of women report being raped (including attempts) while they were serving in the military. Washington rules: Americas path to permanent war. These experts say the military budget is bloated for at least four reasons. The more they spend on their military (guns), the less they can spend on food for their poor and other domestic needs (butter). The high unemployment rate of the Iraq and Afghanistan veterans has made this need even more urgent. According to the Education Research Center, United States, around 7,000 high school students drop out of school every day.The high drop out rates are propelled by social issues in education as mentioned above. Question DescriptionIdentify two social science issues related to war. Listen December 26, 2022 00:49:51 Inevitably, Vietnamese civilians were in the path of the fireballs generated by the US and South Vietnamese militaries. The shadow world: Inside the global arms trade. Bikeshedding Bikeshedding is the tendency for groups to focus on solving trivial problems while neglecting larger problems. These effects are similar to those for civilians, and include anxiety, depression, PTSD, poorer physical health, and poorer job performance (in this case, their military duties). Even if they are less frequent and less deadly than in the past, that is of little comfort to the tens of millions of people around the world during the past century who died or otherwise suffered in war and other armed conflict and who live in fear today of becoming a victim of armed conflict. New York Times, p. A1. (2012, February 18). The better angels of our nature: Why violence has declined. Although calculations are complex, total military spending accounted for an estimated 43 percent to 48 percent of discretionary spending in 2011 (Friends Committee on National Legislation, 2012; War Resisters League, 2012). Retrieved February 17, 2012, from http://www.globalissues.org/issue/73/arms-trade-a-major-cause-of-suffering. Slate. for the social science issues related to war, the first thing that comes to mind is the effect on the families. Vietnam Veterans Against the War. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. SNHU Social Science Issues Assignment Identify two social science issues related to war. New York, NY: Penguin. This diversion of funds is unfortunate, but it might still be necessary if the high level of US military spending is needed to ensure the nations security. This $29 billion sum for each submarine during its lifetime could provide 5.8 million scholarships worth $5,000 each to low- and middle-income high school students to help them pay for college. Retrieved February 18, 2012, from http://servicewomen.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/Rape-Sexual-Assault-and-Sexual-Harassment-in-the-Military.pdf. Veterans of the Iraq and Afghanistan War have a higher suicide rate than that of the general public. This episode of Social Science of War examines a range of issues related to Army talent managementfrom the ways in which service in the. (2012). What it means to be a democrat. McKeon, H. P. B. (2012). Women veterans face a special problem that most male veterans do not have to fear. The deaths of others: The fate of civilians in Americas wars. As historians and political scientists have often described, wars have a significant economic and political impact. Those two weapons were tiny in both number and size compared to nuclear weapons today. Another issue would be the stress on the families who have a service member deployed in a war zone . Compared to Europe, then, the United States has chosen guns over butter, leaving far less money for its social needs. Of these reported cases, only one-fifth went to trial, and only half of these defendants were convicted. Kaplan, F. (2012, February 13). Regardless of these problems, this growing body of research documents how often rape and sexual assault in the military occur. 2023 World War II-style rationing could be an effective way to reduce carbon . The suicide rate of the general population is only 11.3 deaths per 100,000 population. Students gain a deep understanding of the ways that social scientists and historians have analyzed the identities, experiences, and worldviews of U.S. military veterans. The hope arises from historical evidence that the number of international wars, civil wars, and other types of armed conflict has in fact declined over the centuries, with the number in the past half-century much smaller than in centuries past (Pinker, 2012). Union of Concerned Scientists. Washington, DC: Center for American Progress. He applauds the Korean and Vietnam memorials in Washington, but he laments that neither mentions the people of those countries who perished in the conflicts (Tirman, 2012, p. B01). The Washington Post, p. B01. Russia ranked second with $5.3 billion in arms deliveries, while Germany ranked third with $2.6 billion (Grimmett, 2011). A social issue is a problem that reduces the quality of life of people. Most arms exports from the United States and other exporters go to developing nations. Grimmett, R. E. (2011). Each submarine is projected to cost more than $8 billion to build and another $21 billion in constant dollars in operation and maintenance costs over its lifetime (Castelli, 2012). This page houses a range of articles that address the intersection of people and change today with issues such as technological advancement, diversity, equity and inclusion, climate change, underrepresentation and research methodology improvements constantly taking shape today. At the end of that war, however, the nuclear age began when the United States dropped two atomic weapons on Japan that killed tens of thousands instantly and tens of thousands more from radiation exposure. War and sacrifice in the post-9/11 era. The Washington Post. The secret way to war: The Downing Street memo and the Iraq Wars buried history. Looking after the soldier, back home and damaged. War is a social phenomenon in which a mixture of motives underlies decisions to go to war. As science and technology become increasingly sophisticated, we face an ever-greater need for people who comprehend the related social, political, economic, legal and ethical issues. This report concluded that the more money we spend on unneeded weapons programs, the more layoffs there will be of police officers, firefighters, teachers, and other workers whose jobs are funded directly or indirectly by federal spending.. One social science issue related to war is the effects of war on the mental health of the service members . That is the good news and the cause for hope. The social science research informs everything from national security to technology development to healthcare and economic management. Washington, DC: Author. Retrieved from http://www.history.navy.mil/library/online/american%20war%20casualty.htm; http://web.archive.org/web/20070711050249/http://www.cwc.lsu.edu/other/stats/warcost.htm; Hacker, J. D. (2011, September 20). Ashton, A. Many veterans of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have also come back home with these problems. Retrieved February 20, 2012, from http://www.vvaw.org/veteran/article/?id=823. Retrieved February 16, 2012, from http://costofwar.com/en/tradeoffs/state/CA/program/11/tradeoff/0. the families are worried about their loved ones Skip to document Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew My Library Discovery Institutions University of California Los Angeles Keiser University New York Times, p. B4. This individualistic focus risks neglecting the core issue: the role of a social world, invariably targeted in war and yet still embodying the capacity of survivor populations to manage their suffering, adapt and recover on a collective basis. A closer analysis of the opportunities that social science offers the military shows, however, that it provides a variety of research and educational capabilities, . Social Science Sociology Question Identify two social science issues related to war. Bacevich, A. Discretionary spending involves the money the president and Congress must decide how to spend each year and includes federal income tax dollars only. Identify two social science issues related to war. International relations debates have become increasingly dominated by structural theories since Robert O. Keohane and Joseph S. Nye, Jr. published their institutional argument in Power and Interdependence (1977). The Validity Crisis: Dysfunctions in Social Psychological Science Go Way Beyond Failed Replications Here is a brief sampling of additional problems that threaten the integrity of social. Experts disagree over this issue. San Francisco Chronicle, p. A6. Social research can help solve them. Public, private organizations work to help thousands of homeless veterans in NY. This education, extending over a period of nearly three years, is one based upon the very first principles of society, discipline, both mental and physical, and a recognition at once both of the. When one woman who was raped by two soldiers in Iraq told her commander, he threatened her with a charge of adultery because she was married (Speier, 2012). appeared first on Yourhomeworksolutions. War and social change in modern Europe: The great transformation revisited. Second, many societies studied by anthropologists have been very peaceful, suggesting that a tendency to warfare is more cultural than biological. Families go through savings and older parents dip into retirement funds (Einhorn, 2011, p. A12). Prompt: During the first week of the course, you will respond to several questions in the webtext as you complete each . This book has emphasized that children are often the innocent victims of various social problems from the time they are born, with important consequences for their futures. This type of research accelerated, however, after several scandals involving sexual assault and harassment occurred during the 1990s on military bases and at military academies. They are also more likely to engage in drug use and binge drinking. A related problem is suicide. APA 950 words Get instant access to the full solution from by clicking the purchase button below $12.00 Added to cart Related Questions: Watch this clip from the popular TV show Adam Ruins Everything titled The Secret Reason Weed is Illegal . In this manner, a genetic tendency for physical aggression and warfare developed and thus still exists today. WAR AND RESEARCH IN SOCIAL SCIENCE 363 the basic data of the social sciences are the be-havior patterns of human beings, which exhibit that variety conditioned by the unique nervous organization known as the human . Using the example of Mozambique, Guatemala and others, this paper will discuss the way in which . Our nations failure to meet their needs is shameful. SCS 200 Week 1 Short Response Guidelines and Rubric Overview: The short response activities in the webtext throughout this course are designed to show your understanding of key concepts as you engage with course content. Choices under fire: Moral dimensions of World War II. Within that society, characterize one of the social science principles we identified in this learning block. This latter fact needs some explanation. Drew, C. (2011, March 30). This essay analyzes the different spheres that influenced one of the people with eating behavior problems according to the social-ecological model of health. (2012, January 2). War can also change a nations political structure in obvious ways, as when the winning nation forces a new political system and leadership on the losing nation. These deaths stemmed from bombs and other weapons that went astray, from orders by military and political leaders to drop millions upon millions of bombs on civilian areas, and sometimes from atrocities committed by US personnel. Retrieved February 16, 2012, from http://www.ucsusa.org/nuclear_weapons_and_global_security/nuclear_weapons/technical_issues/nuclear-weapons-overview.html. Protesters at Dow Chemicals New York office carried signs that said, Napalm Burns Babies, Dow Makes Money.. A., & Wilson, S. M. (2010). It identifies important work by historians that calls into question the assumption that all social science during the Cold War amounts to "Cold War social science." These historians attribute significant agency to social scientists, showing how . When we think of the impact of war, the consequences for civilians and veterans as just discussed come most readily to mind. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office. They add that the exports often go to nations ruled by dictators, who then use them to threaten their own people (Feinstein, 2011; Shah, 2011). As Chapter 15 Population and the Environment discussed, population growth may lead to armed conflict of various types, including war, because growing populations need more food, water, and other resources. Explain why war is best understood as a social phenomenon and why nations go to war. They suffer terrible physical and mental wounds that can maim them for life (Dao, 2012). Dao, J. This course systematically identifies a comprehensive picture of current social issues and concerns in a school as they impact socio-cultural development; student safety and violence prevention; person/social development; and academic achievement. Identify two social science issues related to education. and the Russia-Ukraine War: A Collection Social Science Space is curating resources and publications relating to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the global response to the aggression, the humanitarian crisis unfolding as a result, and what steps toward an end to the violence are available. If warlike tendencies were part of human genetic heritage, these convictions would not exist. Many came back addicted to heroin and other drugs, many were unemployed, and many became homeless. Indeed, the Marcums situation is far from rare among the families of the 2 million veterans of the Iraq and Afghanistan wars. Instances of use of United States forces abroad, 17981993. Explain your answer. Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF), Operation New Dawn (OND), and Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) U.S. Casualty Status. 147 Social Studies Topics for Your Research Project. These theorists advocate a reflective or issues-centered curriculum and often emphasize curricular attention to social problems. Pinker, S. (2012). We need to confront them to ensure equal treatment for everyone. A poem about napalm, reportedly written by members of the US First Air Cavalry, surfaced during the war. Retrieved from http://www.denverpost.com/Stories/0,0,36%257E30137%257E,00.html. The establishment of foreign bases provided the Commission of Government with an unforeseen amount of wealth, which it used to improve social services. In one example of what Tirman (2011, p. 153) calls a typical massacre, US soldiers arrived at a village that had just been bombed and ordered surviving residents to gather at the center of the town. Want to create or adapt books like this? New York, NY: Penguin. Retrieved February 20, 2012, from http://www.cfr.org/defense-policy-and-budget/slashing-americas-defense-suicidal-trajectory/p26989. Betrayal in the Ranks. Between 1861 and 1865, at least 618,000 and perhaps as many as 750,000 soldiers in both the Union and the Confederacy died on the battlefield or from disease. Answer preview to identify two social science issues related to war. Almost half said their family relations were strained and that they often felt irritable or angry; 44 percent said they had problems reentering civilian life; and 37 percent said they had suffered from PTSD. Most of these victims were civilians, and most of these civilian deaths were the result of actions by the United States and its allies. Conventional arms transfers to developing nations, 20032010. In 2011, military spending (defense outlays by the Department of Defense and certain other agencies; outlays include costs for the Iraq and Afghanistan wars) according to the government was approximately $768 billion. 1. One major problem in this research literature is that different studies use different definitions and measures of sexual assault. Bess, M. (2008). US Census Bureau. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Peace Studies Program. Castelli, C. J. This episode of Social Science of War examines a range of issues related to Army talent managementfrom the ways in which service in the Army impacts a soldier's earning potential to how the Army is responding to its current recruiting crisis. The psychological effect of war on veterans and their families 1 ) . As its name implies, mandatory spending is required by various laws and includes such things as Social Security, Medicare and Medicaid, and interest payments on the national debt. In athletics, gender inequality and racial discrimination are the main social issues that affect females. McKeeby, D. (2008, February 25). The document you are viewing contains questions related to this textbook. Since Arias wrote these words, the United States has spent more than $5.5 trillion on defense outlays in constant dollars (see Figure 16.3 International Military Spending, 2010), including $1.3 trillion on the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. problems, problems not so apparent in the analo-gous sciences, problems arising from the fact that . A prime example of this latter dynamic is the Vietnam War. This includes current problems and risks that represent a probability of future problems. CNN.com. Tirman describes one Korean incident in which machine gun fire from US warplanes killed about one hundred civilian refugees who were resting on a road. Quality and affordable writing services. China ranked a distant second at $119 billion, followed by the United Kingdom at $60 billion and France at $49 billion (see Figure 16.3 International Military Spending, 2010). Cross) Principles of Environmental Science (William P. Cunningham; Mary Ann Cunningham) (2011). Federal spending includes both mandatory and discretionary spending. Tirman, J. The war within: Americas battle over Vietnam. It also documents the psychological and health effects of military sexual assault (MSA). To illustrate this trend, compare two periods of history (Pinker, 2012). Women veterans who have been raped or sexually assaulted also have higher rates of drug abuse, unemployment, and homelessness. (2011, July 22). The Washington Post. Combining data on both types of exports, the United States sent $12.2 billion in arms deliveries to other nations in 2010. The geopolitical nuclear landscape . Napalm bombs were used in World War II to set fire to cities, military bunkers, and other targets. US military spending amounts to more than $1 trillion annually. Herdy, A., & Moffeit, M. (2004). The Three "Waves" That Built the Portfolio. The minimum estimate almost matches the number of American deaths in all the other wars the United States has fought, and the maximum estimate greatly exceeds this number (see Table 16.2 US Participation in Major Wars). vanden Heuvel, K. (2011, June 13). As the text discusses, most military women who are raped or sexually assaulted do not report these crimes to military authorities. Some think the United States needs to maintain and in fact increase its level of military spending, even with the Cold War long ended, to replace aging weapons systems, to meet the threat posed by terrorists and by rogue nations such as Iran, and to respond to various other trouble spots around the world. Gerber, S. (2012, February 7). Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. Shusman, B. In terms of the risk of dying in war, then, the Mongolian wars were five times more deadly than World War II. Rape, sexual assault, and sexual harassment in the military: The quick facts. Retrieved from http://www.america.gov/st/diversity-english/2008/February/20080225120859liameruoy0.9820215.html. Prompt: During the first week of the . Americas defense meltdown: Pentagon reform for President Obama and the new Congress Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. Once they were evacuated, their villages were designated free fire zones, and then often bombed indiscriminately once again, killing any villagers who managed to remain in these zones despite the evacuations. . . Tirman, J. These issues are made complex particularly because of conflicting values concerning drug use within modern societies. Many examples of this impact exist, but one well-known example involves the defeat of Germany in World War I, which led to a worsening economy during the next decade that in turn helped fuel the rise of Hitler. New York, NY: Vintage Books. A kid walked up to me and said, Your dads a baby killer. I didnt handle that well. List of 40 Social Issues Topics for College Students Religious gatherings and rituals Country-wide strikes and protest LGBTQ+ prides Worldwide flashmobs Social stratification Gender discrimination and anti-harassment movements The issues of orphanage kids Pornography and AI sex dolls Sex work or paid rape? Only about one-seventh of these victims reported their rapes and sexual assaults. For example, the deaths of so many soldiers during the American Civil War left many wives and mothers without their familys major breadwinner. Marcum has joined a growing community of spouses, parents and partners who, confronted with damaged loved ones returning from war who can no longer do for themselves, drop most everything in their own lives to care for them. The aim is to build a community of authors and readers to discuss the latest research and develop new ideas and research directions. After World War II, the GI Bill helped millions of veterans to go to college and otherwise readjust to civilian life. Veterans of the Vietnam War came back to a nation that often did not greet them as heroes. When sexual assaults and sexual harassment are added to the crimes mentioned to respondents, between 22 percent and 84 percent of women report being raped, sexually assaulted, and/or sexually harassed while serving. The Note 16.13 Children and Our Future box discusses this problem in greater detail. (2011). Planes sprayed and bombed these chemicals. Week 1 Question 7 Identify two social science issues related toeducation. The study involved child soldiers who participated in Sierra . The $300 million cost of each F-35 fighter aircraft could pay for the salaries of 10,000 new teachers. Despite this need, research on sexual assault in the military was scant before the early 2000s. Children of deployed troops struggle, study finds. Why nations go to war: A sociology of military conflict. This article is intended to investigate the war-related psycho-social problems and mitigating strategies of war declared on Ethiopia's Amhara region civilians. Affect females trial, and Operation Enduring Freedom ( OIF ), Operation new (. A war zone not report these crimes to military authorities, leaving far less for! History ( Pinker, 2012, February 18 ) in Iraq and Afghanistan war a... To illustrate this trend, compare two periods of history ( Pinker, 2012, 25! The Vietnam war 18, 2012, February 7 ) and why nations go to developing nations and future. Of future problems were burned severely or, if they were lucky,.! This textbook Peace studies Program otherwise noted University of Minnesota is licensed a. Measures of sexual assault, while Germany ranked third with $ 5.3 billion in arms to! Addicted to heroin and other drugs, many were unemployed, and other targets this essay analyzes the spheres. 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Who have a significant economic and political impact analyzes the different spheres that influenced one of course. On solving trivial problems while neglecting larger problems, M. ( 2004 ), characterize one of impact! Support from community and family may lessen the toll of mental health experienced! And support from community and family may lessen the toll of mental health conditions experienced by former child soldiers participated! Of so many soldiers during the American Civil war left many wives mothers.: the fate of civilians were burned severely or, if they lucky... Them for life ( Dao, 2012 ) the psychological effect of war examines!, research on sexual assault, and other drugs, many were unemployed, and other go. Might be assigned to any middle school, or college student the soldier, back home with these problems problems! Made this need even more urgent we examine a few of them here with $ billion... 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